Measuring biodiversity and ecological integrity in New South Wales

To meet the goal of the Biodiversity Indicator Program, a method was needed that would enable the team to report on the status of all biodiversity in New South Wales.

Biodiversity is too complex to be distilled down to a single number or indicator. A combination of several different indicators was developed to characterise the many components of biodiversity. The department has collaborated with leading experts at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), the Australian Museum and Macquarie University to develop a technical method to assess the status and trends in biodiversity and the ecological integrity of habitats that support biodiversity.

The technical method identifies 5 themes of indicators: 2 for biodiversity and 3 for ecological integrity. Within themes, indicators are grouped under families. This approach uses cutting-edge science including field data, environmental modelling, and remote sensing to assess biodiversity for the whole state.

This approach allows for the revision of the indicator framework as needed, as methods and data improve. The latest update refines some of the indicator definitions.

Diagram showing the hierarchy of classes, themes and indicator families in the Biodiversity Indicator Program

Supporting information and data

Each of the indicators in the NSW biodiversity outlook report 2024 is supported by an implementation report. These peer-reviewed reports provide technical detail on exactly how indicators were calculated, allowing anyone with technical expertise to reproduce the indicators.

Each implementation report has a data package, which supports the indicators. Data packages are available for download from the Sharing and Enabling Environmental Data (SEED) Portal.

Providing full access to our data and methods ensures that our results are reproducible and allows for independent assessment. Sound and defensible science is essential for evidence-based decision-making. Find out more on the How we work webpage.

Implementation reports

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Expected survival of listed threatened species and ecological communities

This indicator implementation report details how the indicators for the expected survival of biodiversity theme were measured/assessed.

PDF 2.7MB

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Expected survival of all known species; Within-species genetic diversity (all known species); and Extant area occupied (all known species)

The method implemented in this report establishes a first assessment for a suite of indicators that measure the rate of loss of biodiversity of vascular plants known to occur naturally in New South Wales.

PDF 3.8MB

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Expected survival of all known species; Within-species genetic diversity (all known species); and Extant area occupied (all known species)

The method implemented in this report establishes a first assessment for a suite of indicators that measure the rate of loss of biodiversity of vascular plants known to occur naturally in New South Wales.

PDF 3.8MB

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Persistence of ecosystems (including undiscovered species)

This indicator implementation report details how this indicator for the state of biodiversity theme was measured/assessed.

PDF 4.3MB

Update coming soon: Updating habitat condition indicators.

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Habitat condition

This indicator implementation report details the status of ecological condition, connectivity and carrying capacity of terrestrial habitat.

PDF 5MB

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Assessing invasive alien species pressures on biodiversity in New South Wales

The method and results detailed in this technical implementation report describe the development and ‘first assessment’ (i.e. prior to or at the commencement of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016) for the invasive species (pests, weeds, disease) indicator in the pressures family of indicators.

PDF 2.6MB

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Assessment of an indicator of community appreciation of biodiversity

This report describes the conceptualisation of the community appreciation of biodiversity indicator. It reports on the ‘first assessment’ (that is, prior to the commencement of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016) using data from the 2015 ‘Who cares about the environment?’ survey.

PDF 2MB

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Community appreciation of biodiversity indicator

This report describes the features of an enhanced measurement of the community appreciation of biodiversity indicator for use in future assessments.

PDF 1.4MB